Word Meaning
सद-जफ़ा
sad-jafa
hinoun
Meaning
A hundred cruelties; countless acts of oppression or torment.
Detailed Meaning
Literally denoting 'a hundred cruelties', this compound signifies immense and recurrent oppression suffered by the lover. In this couplet, it portrays the nightingale being mercilessly trampled beneath endless acts of injustice and tyranny in the garden. It captures the sheer intensity of prolonged, multifaceted suffering.
Etymology
Compound of Persian 'sad' (hundred) and Arabic 'jafā' (cruelty, harshness, estrangement).
Usage
Commonly used in classical ghazals as a hyperbolic expression for the relentless cruelty of fate or the beloved.
Examples
Even after enduring a hundred cruelties, no complaint rose to the lips.
The heart could not bear this tradition of endless torment.
Synonyms
सद-सितमज़ुल्म-ओ-सितमकसरत-ए-जफ़ा
Related Words
जफ़ाजफ़ाकारपाएमालसितम