Word Meaning
बेशतर
beshtar
Meaning
Mostly, generally; formerly, earlier, prior to this, more.
Detailed Meaning
In classical Urdu and Persian, 'beshtar' primarily denotes 'more' or 'mostly', but it also frequently serves as a temporal marker meaning 'earlier', 'prior', or 'formerly' (akin to 'peshtar'). In this couplet by Mir Taqi Mir, it conveys temporal precedence and degree, highlighting how the speaker and the beloved used to be much closer in the past compared to their current estrangement.
Etymology
Persian 'bīsh' (more) + suffix '-tar' (comparative degree)
Usage
In classical ghazal poetry, 'beshtar' is often used either quantitatively to mean 'mostly' or temporally to evoke nostalgia for earlier times of union.
Examples
We used to see each other earlier with great fondness.
Most people remained oblivious to the lover's plight.