Word Meaning
फ़ित्नों
fitnon
Meaning
Tumults, tribulations, mischiefs, or upheavals (plural oblique form).
Detailed Meaning
In classical Urdu poetry, 'fitna' (plural oblique 'fitnon') denotes chaos, turmoil, mischief, seduction, or severe trials. In Ghalib's couplet, it refers to the fresh waves of tumult and catastrophe triggered by the beloved's promised arrival. These new upheavals are so immense that they test the endurance of the ancient celestial sphere itself.
Etymology
From Arabic 'fitnah' (فِتْنَة), originally meaning a refining trial, test, affliction, or temptation, later evolving to mean discord and insurrection.
Usage
In the ghazal tradition, 'fitna' commonly embodies both the existential upheavals of fate and the enchanting, disruptive charms of the beloved.
Examples
Saved from the perilous tumults of the world.
The heart was bewitched by the alluring mischiefs of beauty.